Product was successfully added to your shopping cart.
Bluebook court abbreviations. Specialty federal court abbreviations are covered too.
Bluebook court abbreviations. Britannica Generations of law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on The Bluebook's unique system of citation in their… Aug 11, 2025 · Bluebook Quick Reference: Abbreviations and How-tos Information Below are 3 compiled lists of Legal Periodicals that are nonconsecutively paginated and their correct abbreviations. . Neutral citations Aug 6, 2025 · This guide introduces the Bluebook's uniform system of legal citation. Aug 11, 2025 · Bluebook Quick Reference: Abbreviations and How-tos Information This list only includes abbreviations for states' Court of Appeals. 4) Year the case was decided Here is a Bluepage example of a citation to a case for the Alaska Supreme Court in the 6 Abbreviations, Numerals, and Symbols 7 Italicization for Style and in Unique Circumstances 8 Capitalization 9 Titles of Judges, Officials, and Terms of Court 10 Cases 11 Constitutions 12 Statutes Bluebook Law Review Citation Federal Litigation Where Authorized by Local Rule California Style Manual California Litigation CALIFORNIA CALIFORNIA PLEADINGS Citations to cases and other authorities in all documents filed in the courts must be in the style established by either the California Style Manual or The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure May 29, 2025 · CSM generally omits spaces in court abbreviations and reporters. 1-56) is printed on blue paper and is called The Bluepages, which are: " a how-to guide for basic legal citation. In practitioner writing, such as briefs and other court documents, abbreviations in reporter names may now be closed up to conserve the number of words used. Mar 10, 2020 · Get a simple list of federal and district court abbreviations broken up by region of the United States. 2000), the Chicago Manual of Style (15th Neither The Bluebook, nor ALWD utilize a plain arabic number as part of a court abbreviation. LawKeyed to The Bluebook (21st edition, 2020) and one of the required texts for GW Law's Fundamentals of Lawyering class, this free online book (in PDF) is "designed to help first-year law students master the fundamental Bluebook citation rules that will be needed in legal research and writing courses and in legal practice. Some basic rules apply to the court and date portion of case citations Jul 7, 2025 · The Bluepages section of the Bluebook addresses non-academic citation. 227-98). Mar 10, 2025 · Table 1: A list of (1) reporters* and reporter abbreviations, (2) courts and court abbreviations, and (3) preferred sources to cite for federal courts and each state's courts May 29, 2025 · Usually, each court's cases are published in one or more competing reporters. United States Supreme Court United States Court of Appeals United States District Courts | WorkersCompensation. D. Aug 11, 2025 · These citations were compiled by Akron Law student Kari Simms, and are based on the Bluebook, as well as common practices by attorneys, and suggestions from academics. 18 covers how to cite to the Internet and other electronic resources. Keep in mind the typeface differences between academic documents and non-academic legal documents as explained in Bluepages B2. ” This revised guide to the Delaware rules governing legal citation and style is intended to provide uniformity, clarity, and consistency in the Superior Court’s decisions, and to make life easier for each arriving generation of law clerks. 4), names of institutional authors (rule 15. This guide will introduce you to how to use the Bluebook. The preferred sources of citation are suggested when relevant. Expand your legal citation prowess today. 8. 4(b)(1)(a). Ct. Aug 11, 2025 · It includes: abbreviations for titles of legal periodicals abbreviations for names of federal courts abbreviations for names of state courts abbreviations for secondary sources how-tos for citing cases with examples This guide was originally written by Valparaiso University Law Library. See Bluebook B4. If you are writing a brief or memo, look at the Blue Pages, Rule B10 (Or apply the citation rules of the jurisdiction). 2) Volume of the reporter Reporter abbreviation (Table 1) First page of the case State and court, if needed (abbreviated according to Tables 1 & 10 and Rule 10. Jan 9, 2025 · This guide is a starting point for Business Law resources. The second section is for Federal materials. of The Bluebook. The white May 14, 2021 · The Bluepages Tables are the go-to for initial citation formation, and includes abbreviations for words commonly found in court documents and jurisdiction-specific citation rules. The third section will list citations for general legal materials. Please note that some abbreviations changed in the 21st edition of The Bluebook’s T6. See blue pages rule B17 and blue pages table BT1 for court documents filed as part of the same case. The table omits a host of words added by the most recent edition of The Bluebook, words that despite their use in journal names rarely appear in the title of a case. 1 (b) at 88: Do not use abbreviations for entities with widely recognized initials in text (unless previously set out in a parenthetical), in case citations (unless abbreviated in source) (this is also an exception to Bluebook rule 10. These rules deviate from general Bluebook and ALWD convention for citation of state court decisions to the relevant unofficial West regional reporter. Most Commonly Used Abbreviations in Legal Citations The following is a list of the most commonly abbreviations used in the legal citation system. 4)* Year the case was decided Here is an example of how to cite a Supreme Mar 10, 2025 · The purpose of this guide is to introduce The Bluebook and basic concepts of legal citation to new law students. Aug 11, 2025 · Bluebook Quick Reference: Abbreviations and How-tos Information This list includes only the abbreviations for the state's Supreme Court (or court of last resort). 1), and treaty citations (rule 21. 1 includes the official names and legal citation abbreviations for federal and state reporters, and federal and state statutory compilations. The abbreviations listed here draw upon those contained in The Bluebook, the ALWD Guide to Legal Citation, and implemented in the major online legal research services. It is used here with permission. ) Similarly, when citing law review articles, L. Aug 11, 2025 · Bluebook Quick Reference: Abbreviations and How-tos Information Below are abbreviations for additional Federal Courts (Military Courts, Bankruptcy, Claims, etc). Consult court rules for required citation format, usually found in the jurisdiction's Rules of Aug 6, 2025 · This guide introduces the Bluebook's uniform system of legal citation. Table 8 has abbreviations for explanatory phrases. 3. Practitioners should also adhere to local citation rules (see Bluepages table BT2). Some states are noted as not having an appellate court. May 31, 2023 · Unlock the hidden gems of Bluepages with our latest Bluebook Wednesday Tips, focusing on BT1 abbreviations for court documents. It is permissible to abbreviate other words of eight letters or more if substantial space is thereby saved and the result is unambiguous in context. Listed below are some guidelines to help you choose the proper abbreviation: 1. The Guide is based on the Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation (Columbia Law Review Ass’n et al. Still current as of 20th edition. Also includes a wide selection of major foreign language law publications from over 295 jurisdictions. (Thus, it would be permissible to abbreviate “Encyclopaedia Britannica” to “Encyc. ) and the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review (F. Where the Bluepages and local court rules are silent regarding the citation of a particular document, you may use the other rules in The Bluebook, referred to as the “Whitepages,” to supplement the Bluepages. Aug 2, 2025 · A guide to researching D. Do NOT use “(cleaned up)” to avoid proper Bluebook citations. Mar 1, 2021 · All of the information you need to properly abbreviate state courts and state court reporters is in Table T. T10 Geographical Terms The following list provides abbreviations for geographical locations for use in case citations (rules 10. Abbreviate case names, institutional author names, and periodical titles in citations by abbreviating any word listed below (rules 10. Aug 6, 2025 · A citation to a case in a regional reporter contains six elements. Jun 20, 2023 · IU Indianapolis LibGuides Ruth Lilly Law Library Bluebook help Current State Court Abbreviations Aug 11, 2025 · Bluebook Quick Reference: Abbreviations and How-tos Information Below is a list of State Supreme Court and Court of Appeals abbreviations. Note that PACER is a service of the Aug 30, 2024 · Guide to basic legal citations to the 20th ed. The following alphabetical list provides abbreviations for court names to be used in citing cases according to rule 10. Beyond this one distinction, can the New York practitioner otherwise follow The Bluebook or the ALWD Manual? The answer is not always. Rev. The abbreviations follow the style conventions in the Bluebook. Exception to Bluebook rule 6. It is citation for practitioners and law clerks. This page contains resources that explain how to correctly format your references using the Harvard Bluebook citation style. A neutral citation is denoted by two main characteristics: the year of decision without brackets or parentheses, and the court abbreviation, not separated by periods. Aug 11, 2025 · Bluebook Rule 10 covers how cases should be cited in legal documents. Name of the case (underlined or italicized and abbreviated according to R10. Aug 11, 2025 · Bluebook R. 5 days ago · The last major part of a case citation is the court and date, contained in a parenthetical following the case location. " Aug 11, 2025 · Bluebook Quick Reference: Abbreviations and How-tos Information Below is a list of State Supreme Court and Court of Appeals abbreviations. 2d. The Whitepages. Dec 12, 2022 · Tables 6-16 Table 6 provides abbreviations for case names and institutional authors (important for citing to cases). Table T. The Blue colored pages in the front on the Bluebook are for Brief format, while the White pages that follow them are for Nov 13, 2023 · Comprehensive guide to abbreviations used for U. Specialty federal court abbreviations are covered too. The difference between brief format and law review note The Bluebook contains tables with lists of specific abbreviations for arbitral reporters (T5), case names, institutional author names, and common words in periodical titles (T6), court names (T7), explanatory phrases (T8), legislative documents (T9), geographical terms (T10), judges and officials (T11), months (T12), institutional names in periodical titles (T13), publishing terms (T14 May 7, 2025 · Abbreviations: Find the correct abbreviations for courts, jurisdictions, and legal terms. 5) Neutral citations. Aug 11, 2025 · This table provides the reporter names and abbreviations, statutory compilation names and abbreviations, and citation conventions for all federal and state courts. ” or “S. To quickly locate a specific periodical that you are searching for, you may want to consider using your internet browser's "Find/Find on Page" feature. It can also act as a Bluebook refresher Generations of law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on The Bluebook's unique system of citation in their… Generations of law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on The Bluebook's unique system of citation in their… A quick reference guide to Bluebook abbreviations provided by the Western Society of Criminology. The Index is a VERY helpful tool when navigating the Bluebook. Court custom uses an ordinal contraction more often than it uses a plain arabic number. Transform your law review with effective citing examples such as Plaintiff’s Motion for Summary Judgment. 2020), governs all work product in the D. 2) Volume of the reporter Reporter abbreviation (T1) First page of the case State and court (abbreviated according to T1 & 10 and R10. The document lists abbreviations for state supreme courts and courts of appeal. C. 1 of the Bluebook. This research guide lists citation manuals and dictionaries of legal abbreviations to help you with these tasks. The reader should easily be able to ascertain what court decided the case, its geographical jurisdiction, and the year of the decision. Sep 11, 2024 · You may omit the state information from the court and date parenthetical if the name of the reporter gives the name of the state. Nov 30, 2023 · The Bluebook is a guide to a system of legal citation frequently used by law schools and law journals. Supp. courts, assisting in legal research and referencing. If you prefer to search by State Supreme Court or Court of Appeals exclusively, click on the links in the left hand navigation bar for Supreme Court or Court of Appeals abbreviations. Jan 11, 2022 · Legal terms and other words have specific abbreviations to include in case names. By following the guidelines, legal professionals can effectively reference court cases and contribute to the integrity of legal scholarship. This guide is best used in conjunction with the Bluebook. In American and other common law citations, give the name of the court and its geographical jurisdiction (abbreviated according to tables T1 or T2 if included therein and according to tables T7 and T10 in all other cases) in the parenthetical phrase that immediately follows the citation and includes the date or year of decision Mar 10, 2025 · A citation to a case in an official state reporter has the following six elements: Name of the case (underlined or italicized and abbreviated according to Rule 10. It includes: abbreviations for titles of legal periodicals abbreviations for names of federal courts abbreviations for names of state courts abbreviations for secondary sources Aug 11, 2025 · Bluebook Quick Reference: Abbreviations and How-tos Information This list only includes abbreviations for states' Court of Appeals. Time-Saving: Helps you quickly navigate the Bluebook without scanning every section. . 17th ed. Cal. The INSIDE FRONT COVER of the Bluebook provides some quick examples of Bluebook format used when writing law review footnotes (ie. Supp. Generations of law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on The Bluebook's unique system of citation in their… ABBREVIATIONS The second section of the Style Sheet sets out the abbreviations to be used for Washington sources. For example, under the entries for Arizona you have Supreme Court (Ariz. Oct 17, 2023 · Proper citation of court cases in Bluebook style helps maintain accuracy and consistency in legal documents. not C. 3 (iv)-(v); ALWD Rule 12. The Bluebook notes that the citation should also include any Electronic Case Filing (ECF) number found in Public Access to Court Electronic Records (PACER ) (if applicable). 2 and 10. Aug 6, 2025 · This guide introduces the Bluebook's uniform system of legal citation. The following chart sets out the key differences between the abbreviations for the most commonly used sources under the Style Sheet and The Bluebook. Supreme Court, U. T1 United States Jurisdictions The abbreviations and citation conventions listed in this table, except as noted, are primarily intended to serve a national audience. Table 9 for legislative documents. becomes L. Here you will find guidance and examples of citation formats that you will use when writing your memoranda, briefs, and other court documents. District Court: State court abbreviations State Courts of Appeal Credit Many thanks to University of Akron's excellent Bluebook Citation guide for much of the content on this page! Every case citation must indicate which court decided the case. Example Citations: Directs you to examples of citation formats in context. Ct. ). I. ) and Court of Appeals (Ariz. com Aug 6, 2025 · This guide introduces the Bluebook's uniform system of legal citation. In your first year you will be writing legal memoranda and briefs, therefore you will follow the examples in the Bluepages. R. 1, with modifications) Jul 9, 2025 · This guide provides information on Case Law Research, and identifies pertinent print and online resources available through the NYU Law Library How to decipher commonly used abbreviations and acronyms Mar 1, 2021 · All of the information you need to properly abbreviate state courts and state court reporters is in Table T. 5 days ago · Provides explanations of abbreviations for English language legal publications from the British Isles, the Commonwealth and the United States. Jun 17, 2025 · The 22nd edition of The Bluebook added abbreviations for the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (F. Jun 20, 2023 · IU Indianapolis LibGuides Ruth Lilly Law Library Bluebook help Current Federal Court Abbreviations This table provides suggested abbreviations for words commonly found in the titles of court documents. 4. The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation (21st ed. Find out how to abbreviate building, institute, publication, and more with these important legal abbreviations. Generally, the Bluebook encourages citation to print sources when they are available. May 29, 2025 · California Subject Abbreviations from the Bluebook Scanned from 19th edition. 2 and 16). Table 7 has court name abbreviations (important for indicating courts in case parentheticals). These rules below supplement The Bluebook rules as they apply to our cases. Aug 11, 2025 · The Bluebook has different formats for law review footnotes vs. Since 1998, many Canadian courts and administrative tribunals have adopted neutral citations. The Bluebook contains tables with lists of specific abbreviations for arbitral reporters (T5), case names, institutional author names, and common words in periodical titles (T6), court names (T7), explanatory phrases (T8), legislative documents (T9), geographical terms (T10), judges and officials (T11), months (T12), institutional names in periodical titles (T13), publishing terms (T14 If the case does not appear in the Supreme Court's listing, formulate a case name using the citation naming conventions found in standard citation manuals and apply the abbreviations listed in Appendix 1. 2). Aug 6, 2025 · Lists of reporters and corresponding abbreviations, courts and corresponding abbreviations, and preferred sources to cite for federal courts and each state’s courts (T1, pp. briefs, court documents and legal memos. Thus, the reporter “S. Court of Appeals and U. Aug 11, 2025 · Below is a list of State Supreme Court and Court of Appeals abbreviations. ) and article (art. Use these abbreviations in citations to court documents according to Bluepages B17. eds. 1, with modifications) Jun 26, 2025 · The Bluebook (pp. Generations of law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on The Bluebook's unique system of citation in their… Jun 26, 2025 · The rules cited and examples are for law journal citations; see The Bluebook's Bluepages and Washington State court rules for guidance on citations in court filings: Washington Constitution - Bluebook: Rule 11 explains how to cite constitutional provisions and Table 16. Ct Generations of law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on The Bluebook's unique system of citation in their… Dec 12, 2022 · Note: case name abbreviations and omissions; abbreviation of reporter name and edition; pinpoint cite, even if it is on the first page; court inclusion and abbreviation and year. Aug 11, 2025 · Bluebook Quick Reference: Abbreviations and Examples This LibGuide contains useful information for legal citation, some of which is not in the Bluebook itself. Unlike the remainder of The Bluebook, which is designed in a style and at a level of complexity commensurate with the needs of the law journal publication process, the Bluepages provide easy-to-comprehend guidance for the everyday citation needs of first-year law 3 days ago · Part of doing legal research is citing your authorities properly and tracking down items with unfamiliar citations. Court of Appeals. It provides a table with the abbreviation, state court name, and appellate court designation for each U. The first section is a list of commonly used citation abbreviations for Illinois sources. (F. Citations in Court Documents Cases (Bluebook (“BB”) Rules B4, 10, and 18. and C. 2. Aug 11, 2025 · The citations include dockets, court filings, transcripts, police reports, and case narratives. Oct 19, 2023 · Now that you know what our state court abbreviations are, it's time to get the 4-1-1 on the federal side of things. Cal. District Courts. When filing legal documents with a court, court rules of citation apply. 3 for citing to court filings that are NOT documents from the same case for which you are writing the brief. The neutral citation is applied to the case prior to dissemination and thus cannot be changed. 1 (c) at 98), or as institutional authors. law review articles and ULWR papers). Aug 11, 2025 · Bluebook Quick Reference: Abbreviations and How-tos Information These tables give the various abbreviations for the U. Citing court documents like motions. Ct Jun 26, 2025 · The rules cited and examples are for law journal citations; see The Bluebook's Bluepages and Washington State court rules for guidance on citations in court filings: Washington Constitution - Bluebook: Rule 11 explains how to cite constitutional provisions and Table 16. 1 and B17. Aug 11, 2025 · Bluebook Quick Reference: Abbreviations and How-tos Information These tables give the various abbreviations for the U. 1 lists abbreviations for amendment (amend. See generally Bluebook Rule 10. Table 1 includes the abbreviations for courts in the United States. If the abbreviation for the full name of the court is not listed below, a composite abbreviation may be assembled using the words listed in this table. Aug 11, 2025 · Below are 3 compiled lists of Legal Periodicals that are nonconsecutively paginated and their correct abbreviations. The correct abbreviations for the state and court can be found in T1. S. 2d, not F. state and territory. Table T1 identifies which reporter to cite to (the "preferred reporter") with the phrase "Cite to [reporter abbreviation], if therein. Mar 19, 2025 · The basics of legal citation including citation styles Bluebook and ALWD. The abbreviation for the court is in the parenthetical after the name of the court. ” may be written as either “S. Sep 5, 2024 · The following is a list of standard abbreviations for the major federal case reporters The list indicates how many series have been published for each reporter and the courts covered by each reporter. 1 (c)), periodical abbreviations (rule 16 and table T13), foreign materials (rule 20. 1. Rev. Federal Courts including the U. Jan 9, 2025 · Supreme Court: Federal Courts of Appeal: U. Aug 6, 2025 · A full citation of a court document includes (1) the name of the document (abbreviated when appropriate); (2) the pinpoint citation; and (3) the date of the document (if required). CSM inserts a comma before § in California statutes and regulations and when citing encyclopedias and treatises divided into subjects. ) Table T10 provides abbreviations for states, cities, countries, and other jurisdictions used in legal citations (especially in case names). fojadtghesobweyncjkoovcwfjxnpmztblqjmyvbnqjvppywoiiaipbq